You can attach your pole to concrete, wood or steel beam. If you have a normal ceiling board, you need to put the pole up where the rafter is. You will see a row of nails where the ceiling board is nailed to the rafters.
You don't need to bolt the pole to the ceiling, but it is advised. If a pole falls, it is always from the top. Ceilings expand and contract in the heat, and the pole is a mechanical piece of equipment.
You can attach the bearing to the ceiling simply with wood screws or with concrete screws and plugs. The holes are small and if you move they are very easy to fill with Polyfilla.
Once the bearing is attached, you can just put the pole up and take it down by slotting it into the bearing.
If you don't want to attach it, you can keep the bearing on the pole, but make sure the pole is secure EVERY time you use it.
The pole will not mark or damage your floor or ceiling
You can use the pole on any floor surface that is not wet or slippery. Wood, carpet, tiles and laminate are all fine.